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Sgian Dubh
This family name is territorial, deriving from the Northumberland village of Hebburn, in the parish of Chillingham. Towards the end of the thirteenth or the start of the fourteenth century, an Adam de Hibburne was captured by the Scots during a Border raid. During his passage through East Lothian, it is said that he saved the Earl of Dunbar from a wild stallion. In gratitude, the Earl granted him the lands of North and South Hailes in East Lothian. Adam's son, Patrick, married the niece of Robert the Bruce, Eleanor, Countess of Carrick. Patrick and his son, also Patrick, participated in the Border raid with James Earl of Douglas in 1388, when the Scots managed to take the banner of Henry Percy, Earl of Northumberland. The Hepburns managed to save the Douglas standard during the ensuing batle, and gained the family's respect. Percy invaded Scotland in 1400, determined to burn the lands of Hailes in revenge, but the Douglases fought him off. The title of Lord Hailes was endowed upon Patrick in 1482. His grandson, also Patrick was created Earl of Bothwell by his cousin James IV. He also held the posts of High Admiral of Scotland, Keeper of the King's Household, Sheriff Principal of Scotland, Keeper of Edinburgh Castle and Lord Orkney. He stood as proxy for the king at his marriage to Margaret Tudor, daughter of Henry VII of England, this marriage created the lineage allowing James VI to succeed to the English throne. The second Patrick and his son Adam both fought and died alongside James IV at Flodden in 1513. Adam's son, another Patrick, third Earl of Bothwell, was raised with the main Borders families and was forced into exile in England following his participation in the rebellion during the reign of James V. He later returned to attempt to woo Mary of Guise, mother of Mary Queen of Scots. James, fourth Earl of Bothwell, is charged with the murder of King Henry, husband of Mary Queen of Scots. Bothwell later married the queen supposedly against her will, and took the title Duke of Orkney, along with many others. Mary managed to escape to England, but found little reprieve there and was executed by her cousin Elizabeth after twenty years in captivity. Bothwell fled to Denmark but was held captive at Dragsholm for eleven years when he finally died. All of his titles were forfeited to the Crown. Sir George Buchan Hepburn became the family representative, and was created a baronet in May 1815, the current baronet, Sir Ninian is his direct descendent. |
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